{"id":"W2439212684","doi":"10.15195/v3.a24","title":"American Exceptionalism Revisited: Tax Relief, Poverty Reduction, and the Politics of Child Tax Credits","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sociological Science","topic":"Social Policy and Reform Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"American exceptionalism; Exceptionalism; Tax credit; Economics; Poverty; Cash; Direct tax; Tax reform; Tax policy; Child poverty; Tax avoidance; Social policy; Politics; Welfare; Indirect tax; Public economics; Political science; Development economics; Economic growth; Law; Market economy; Finance","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002013539,0.00008985891,0.0002236902,0.0000330014,0.00265685,0.00002765551,0.0003947163,0.00007942428,0.00003828905],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00348741,0.00003664265,0.0000809407,0.0005508382,0.03472372,0.0001750598,0.0001575763,0.000120901,0.000009049568],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009193337,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001113651,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001512023,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000280378,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983116,0.0002876804,0.0002065579,0.000262999,0.0005115476,0.0004196445],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989021,0.000450519,0.0001928702,0.0001280828,0.0002010633,0.0001253547],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001261909,0.00001904968,0.001844493,0.00000198256,0.000009098843,2.011487e-7,0.006942638,1.414883e-7,0.0002965989,0.9830375,0.004657677,0.003177951],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008587273,0.0001968909,0.2117485,0.0000661101,0.0000317975,0.000006751561,0.02478681,0.000002472997,0.0002017178,0.7253985,0.03636389,0.0003378096],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5253028,0.0007311745,0.000108823,0.4000876,0.0006578707,0.0005085705,0.00008318625,0.0001048252,0.0724152],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930788,0.002637794,0.0000742311,0.001593373,0.001210524,0.00001132094,3.434428e-7,0.00000240546,0.001391266],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.467776,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986416,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02601389018808518,"score_gpt":0.3287148816521588,"score_spread":0.3027009914640736,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}