{"id":"W2463539901","doi":"10.1061/(asce)mt.1943-5533.0001677","title":"Effect of Freeze/Thaw Cycles on the Performance and Microstructure of Cement-Treated Soils","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering","topic":"Smart Materials for Construction","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Tetra Tech (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Microstructure; Cement; Materials science; Optical microscope; Composite material; Soil water; Compressive strength; Scanning electron microscope; Environmental science; Soil science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007507762,0.0001124867,0.0002612362,0.00006801196,0.0000154749,0.00001110027,0.0001346453,0.00004992515,0.0003464326],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008570257,0.00005850906,0.00002969698,0.00006395578,0.00008235636,0.0001440896,0.00005887151,0.00004434271,0.000003002232],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004516448,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003347956,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004849926,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001553486,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991489,0.00006455247,0.0004146659,0.00007637005,0.0001728681,0.0001226245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994166,0.0001474781,0.0002881899,0.0001147553,0.000008434369,0.0000244866],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001142362,0.000005544806,0.08860913,0.00007440943,0.00001200332,0.000001636194,0.00004099549,0.00125947,0.9094094,0.000008981082,0.00002838205,0.0004357896],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004009317,0.0002305286,0.2171149,0.0003213377,0.00001088567,0.00003932542,0.000003981489,0.0000151716,0.7817753,0.00001109697,0.00002836713,0.00004820567],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993421,0.00001884709,0.00001330512,0.00003477119,0.0004513483,0.00009397373,0.00001539455,0.000004432587,0.00002579894],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997664,0.00007409396,0.00009324835,0.000003220674,0.00004762721,0.000002040458,2.323261e-7,0.00001071138,0.000002408068],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1285057,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3793194,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.003422164532754399,"score_gpt":0.1828243652879238,"score_spread":0.1794022007551694,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}