{"id":"W2465527009","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5b01913","title":"Unconventional Heavy Oil Growth and Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Global Energy and Sustainability Research","field":"Energy","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures; University of Calgary","keywords":"Unconventional oil; Greenhouse gas; Oil sands; Oil shale; Fossil fuel; Environmental science; Shale oil; Shale oil extraction; Coal; Synthetic crude; Natural resource economics; Fugitive emissions; Fuel oil; Peak oil; Primary energy; Environmental protection; Asphalt; Waste management; Climate change; Renewable energy; Engineering; Geology; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003504646,0.0001371407,0.0001316909,0.000175089,0.000358768,0.00003392706,0.0005244543,0.0001583691,0.0001466233],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002563744,0.0001229875,0.00003264785,0.0009517972,0.003788617,0.0002486338,0.0007345515,0.0001822996,0.00009063551],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006125805,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001678623,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005914107,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001034206,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998168,0.00003782918,0.0001627348,0.0005003675,0.0005485009,0.000582574],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992565,0.00001366662,0.00003353807,0.000313905,0.00001726456,0.000365132],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001185811,0.0006990003,0.1778913,0.0000147207,0.00002065724,0.0001295775,0.0001617667,0.0006625765,0.01567578,0.6332213,0.0002820785,0.1711227],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002741351,0.001296257,0.03067791,0.00002842986,0.00002607814,0.0007829415,0.007129154,0.001460929,0.02898221,0.8166738,0.1092613,0.0009396071],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.976584,0.000261443,0.00004168221,0.00378898,0.00009099168,0.00004638647,0.000009381317,0.0001414841,0.01903563],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985121,0.00006778269,0.0004661257,0.00009033291,0.00002018621,0.00001892795,0.000004776479,0.000006263319,0.0008135349],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1834525,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989225,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01098674935528129,"score_gpt":0.2537514027007007,"score_spread":0.2427646533454194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}