{"id":"W2465881776","doi":"10.1007/s10144-015-0502-5","title":"Large and irregular population fluctuations in migratory Pacific ( <i>Calidris alpina pacifica</i> ) and Atlantic ( <i>C. a. hudsonica</i> ) dunlins are driven by density‐dependence and climatic factors","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Population Ecology","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"NOAA Research; Sistema Nacional de Investigadores; Environment Canada","keywords":"Calidris; Density dependence; Biology; Population; Abundance (ecology); Ecology; Range (aeronautics); Population density; Annual cycle; Snowmelt; Subspecies; Vital rates; Population growth; Habitat; Demography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003429241,0.0002047303,0.0003199583,0.00008994115,0.0002465406,0.00003176301,0.00008107029,0.0002772296,0.00008430916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001470003,0.0002045163,0.00002396817,0.0001795994,0.0002097164,0.0003929221,0.0001409364,0.0001968447,0.00003012638],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001562999,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008922438,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003191726,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01637712,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983584,0.0002368799,0.0003840876,0.0004935894,0.0001666604,0.0003604314],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992643,0.0001189913,0.000210865,0.0001900665,0.00001492115,0.0002008675],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001148626,0.00009905042,0.9985704,0.00001002066,0.000004576712,0.000008003417,0.0005866619,0.00004186442,0.0002181421,0.00004358995,0.0002801834,0.0001260668],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006251201,0.00007813679,0.9957667,0.000009983218,0.00004367374,0.00002128556,0.001240221,0.001158978,0.00002304971,0.0007309232,0.00008554583,0.0002163695],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987506,0.00007747018,0.0001083106,0.0004517136,0.0001190784,0.0003902036,0.00002897033,0.00004019173,0.00003344509],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991687,0.0000574245,0.0002953912,0.0001355626,0.000012239,0.00002700971,0.0002111804,0.00001597315,0.00007652323],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01605795,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9138819,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01286444058910276,"score_gpt":0.2363426109762294,"score_spread":0.2234781703871266,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}