{"id":"W2465881776","doi":"10.1007/s10144-015-0502-5","title":"Large and irregular population fluctuations in migratory Pacific ( <i>Calidris alpina pacifica</i> ) and Atlantic ( <i>C. a. hudsonica</i> ) dunlins are driven by density‐dependence and climatic factors","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Population Ecology","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"NOAA Research; Sistema Nacional de Investigadores; Environment Canada","keywords":"Calidris; Density dependence; Biology; Population; Abundance (ecology); Ecology; Range (aeronautics); Population density; Annual cycle; Snowmelt; Subspecies; Vital rates; Population growth; Habitat; Demography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003980876,0.0001644665,0.0001804731,0.0006281272,0.0002420816,0.0004395705,0.0001799502,0.000121861,0.0007579106],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007674372,0.0001415137,0.0002144704,0.0005212561,0.0003408702,0.0002474626,0.0002631894,0.0001555021,0.0000953366],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004165588,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002629,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02214221,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06386498,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998167,0.00003279121,0.00001346583,0.00007333169,0.00003283477,0.00003092087],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994833,0.0001427328,0.0002043883,0.00004334538,0.00006648178,0.00005968824],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002548194,0.00001184289,0.9932733,0.00001407174,0.00005624788,0.00004899281,0.0001361998,0.000647223,0.002046861,0.00005704366,0.000159403,0.003523343],"study_design_scores_gemma":[7.570926e-7,0.000007790448,0.9986269,0.000002081093,0.000006273026,0.00002514948,0.0001046096,0.001015684,0.00006338342,0.00002318795,0.0001225157,0.000001698253],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991239,0.00004928129,0.000216773,0.00001599084,0.000002444756,0.000003433726,0.0002241166,0.000008339528,0.0003556697],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995342,0.00003061704,0.0001186012,0.000007174503,0.000002641498,0.000003903203,0.000219945,0.000002183127,0.00008074974],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02214221,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04402661,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01286444058910276,"score_gpt":0.2363426109762294,"score_spread":0.2234781703871266,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}