{"id":"W2467240835","doi":"10.3390/cli4020033","title":"Biofuel Development Initiatives in Sub-Saharan Africa: Opportunities and Challenges","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Climate","topic":"Biodiesel Production and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India; National Research Foundation","keywords":"Biofuel; Business; Government (linguistics); Natural resource economics; Aviation biofuel; Economic growth; Jatropha; Renewable energy; European union; Production (economics); Biodiesel; Resource (disambiguation); Agricultural economics; Economics; Economic policy; Bioenergy; Engineering; Waste management","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003958446,0.0007309804,0.0004028522,0.001518797,0.00253258,0.003893926,0.001030087,0.001245169,0.003621666],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003300518,0.0002209573,0.0003856675,0.003425343,0.001427817,0.002635123,0.004123632,0.001452768,0.0003431992],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002175467,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01147242,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007526999,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008947134,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981663,0.0006686167,0.0001107256,0.0001054179,0.0002429946,0.0007059987],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970737,0.0006976445,0.0005280447,0.00007097684,0.0005923495,0.00103725],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001580361,0.0005640266,0.04789526,0.008947574,0.0001712687,0.006809705,0.01885401,0.001898229,0.006724688,0.08366828,0.02131134,0.8029976],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000748284,0.0004518527,0.07018563,0.006380232,0.0001386791,0.002799658,0.1042271,0.0008358921,0.003456216,0.01678655,0.7945748,0.00008857014],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.3798555,0.3385873,0.007745599,0.1933627,0.00240949,0.0004645385,0.0005526945,0.0001858377,0.07683631],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7394993,0.2215053,0.02129641,0.008725496,0.0004914518,0.0003232872,0.0003611196,0.00004105012,0.007756632],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007526999,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02093452,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1201993170889162,"score_gpt":0.2435843574661739,"score_spread":0.1233850403772576,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}