{"id":"W2470607439","doi":"10.1186/s13071-016-1666-3","title":"Detection, prevalence, and transmission of avian hematozoa in waterfowl at the Arctic/sub-Arctic interface: co-infections, viral interactions, and sources of variation","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Parasites & Vectors","topic":"Bird parasitology and diseases","field":"Immunology and Microbiology","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Delta Waterfowl; Institute for Wetland and Waterfowl Research, Ducks Unlimited Canada","keywords":"Haemoproteus; Leucocytozoon; Biology; Waterfowl; Plasmodium (life cycle); Zoology; Transmission (telecommunications); Ecology; Parasite hosting; Habitat; Malaria; Gametocyte; Immunology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002138592,0.0001408058,0.0002253325,0.0001527413,0.0001664829,0.000006078636,0.00007260401,0.0001396763,0.0002869398],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001149164,0.00008550085,0.00004970597,0.000100207,0.0004535302,0.0001425797,0.00003289642,0.0001300949,0.00002902748],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003526189,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001676823,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002561854,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002376274,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988866,0.0003498316,0.0003288948,0.0002337279,0.00003272064,0.0001682431],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990189,0.0005843377,0.0001696756,0.0001510818,0.00005163554,0.00002436716],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002537721,0.00009487238,0.6293076,0.0001083768,0.0000610973,4.477587e-7,0.0006221117,0.000002343363,0.367707,0.00003137437,0.0000145739,0.001796488],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005048672,0.0001473538,0.5801859,0.000154674,0.00007209749,0.000106351,0.00004864182,0.000004119607,0.4182428,0.0002173314,0.0002424951,0.00007345263],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941031,0.004760384,0.0005203882,0.0001523804,0.0001816038,0.0002107624,0.00001909965,0.00002191417,0.00003041727],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991224,0.0005577365,0.000008094872,0.00001259265,0.000009900757,0.00002638381,0.000005468711,0.000008542494,0.0002488287],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05053579,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3486624,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006099302367315752,"score_gpt":0.254734733210566,"score_spread":0.2486354308432502,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}