{"id":"W2473921312","doi":"10.2134/ael2016.02.0005","title":"Declining Education Levels in Young Male Farmers in Southwestern Ontario","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Agricultural & Environmental Letters","topic":"Environmental Education and Sustainability","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto and Region Conservation Authority; Simon Fraser University; University of New Brunswick; Mitel (Canada)","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Formal education; Geography; Socioeconomics; Agriculture; Demographic economics; Economic growth; Demography; Psychology; Economics; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000285421,0.0001123916,0.0002128127,0.0006355637,0.001813628,0.000733078,0.0004987079,0.0002744725,0.003336032],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00118401,0.0001547038,0.000164767,0.001442988,0.0005507465,0.0003283625,0.0003618009,0.0002918335,0.0003425042],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.008897623,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008917201,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9779847,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9939744,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996803,0.00001829893,0.00001556465,0.00005729566,0.00008380614,0.0001447734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986772,0.0001059938,0.0003299982,0.00003728126,0.0004910099,0.0003584995],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003931459,0.00001828818,0.9877264,0.00001888351,0.000006429902,0.0001165986,0.004417941,0.00002754878,0.0004009033,0.00006036305,0.0008226485,0.006344683],"study_design_scores_gemma":[9.859265e-7,0.000006701347,0.9962185,0.00000726726,0.000002015877,0.00001634002,0.003046305,0.00002393936,0.00003699944,0.000008669731,0.0006303746,0.000001890369],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965482,0.0001216251,0.00003334671,0.0003079953,0.000004089608,0.00000760336,0.0008553364,0.000003675651,0.002118219],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964282,0.0001416699,0.00004163605,0.00008029847,0.000002251013,0.000007896889,0.0003101256,0.000002071009,0.002985858],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02201527,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06455702,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007517120434975721,"score_gpt":0.2116953984288409,"score_spread":0.2041782779938651,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}