{"id":"W2480164704","doi":"10.1093/019925768x.003.0001","title":"Introduction: The Electoral Reform of the Twenty‐First Century?","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Electoral reform; Political science; Law; Politics; Democracy","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004388662,0.0001299318,0.0001823191,0.00002034964,0.0005186932,0.00003735396,0.0002692958,0.0002011393,0.002919653],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005497578,0.00006363506,0.0001599653,0.00007463399,0.0004066063,0.00005699502,0.00002728479,0.000239342,0.00009051101],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003390341,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001183027,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01132517,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03675419,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986974,0.00008726298,0.0002996653,0.0001662953,0.0004765232,0.0002728617],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992036,0.00004824466,0.0001936231,0.0003335961,0.0001538054,0.00006715749],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002407111,0.00000570891,0.00009744067,0.000009748551,0.000017313,6.989774e-8,0.0002053411,5.740001e-7,0.0000035711,0.9666297,0.03286999,0.0001581026],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003507493,0.00002251172,0.0001586696,0.00002077663,0.00003131269,5.366359e-7,0.0000709572,6.053311e-7,0.00004949501,0.01444815,0.9850709,0.00009100136],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.000281516,0.0002488596,0.000003902779,0.04217087,0.001849425,0.0003877437,0.000005846405,0.00002425828,0.9550276],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1915578,0.000051041,0.000004637068,0.0003892455,0.002887387,0.000008831365,0.000003545451,0.00001510352,0.8050824],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9522009,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9979918,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03011725066738485,"score_gpt":0.2882386848896951,"score_spread":0.2581214342223102,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}