{"id":"W2504808664","doi":"10.1075/tilar.7.06kid","title":"Learning the meaning of “um”","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Trends in language acquisition research","topic":"Language Development and Disorders","field":"Psychology","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Meaning (existential); Psychology; Linguistics; Sociology; Philosophy; Psychotherapist","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00177154,0.0002455447,0.0003370308,0.001349646,0.0001374708,0.0000279259,0.0005625612,0.0003864312,0.1137034],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006017169,0.0001868901,0.0001416932,0.0003156695,0.0003374479,0.00005645851,0.0002265064,0.001431932,0.0008141929],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007856975,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004639968,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006383387,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002095572,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975631,0.0003228069,0.0004412003,0.0004459704,0.0007012445,0.0005257016],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986647,0.0003502343,0.0001752558,0.0006020956,0.0001454902,0.00006226516],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003506685,0.000117506,0.0005497637,0.00006820599,0.0002537796,0.0007827702,0.1496386,0.000004320082,0.0001783474,0.3685711,0.01938341,0.4601015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01520279,0.00410644,0.04708709,0.003916212,0.0004749136,0.0003140547,0.2176886,0.00006967746,0.001822592,0.1468999,0.556246,0.006171783],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.005115821,0.003674885,0.000007786573,0.0001384907,0.0001821777,0.0001738616,0.00001499281,0.00005362874,0.9906384],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2793024,0.00006917941,0.00007141053,0.00008223953,0.0001607492,0.00003911692,0.0002177126,0.00006443859,0.7199928],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5368626,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999638,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07947113543223495,"score_gpt":0.394348697191316,"score_spread":0.3148775617590811,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}