{"id":"W2510455652","doi":"10.3765/plsa.v1i0.3713","title":"Structural and semantic ambiguity of why-questions: An overlooked case of weak islands in English","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America","topic":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; McMaster University","keywords":"Negation; Proposition; Interpretation (philosophy); Linguistics; Ambiguity; Mandarin Chinese; Argument (complex analysis); Semantic property; Semantic interpretation; Adjunction; Quantifier (linguistics); Adjective; Philosophy; Mathematics; Pure mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002204384,0.0004267824,0.000661693,0.001249474,0.001674691,0.004352804,0.0007957553,0.001734171,0.003235016],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007669692,0.0007376675,0.0004221522,0.0008813264,0.007218199,0.008967595,0.00444489,0.001991073,0.0004327909],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008543587,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004830698,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002364924,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002115363,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983616,0.0006738856,0.0001649217,0.0002895778,0.0003031943,0.0002067196],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.993533,0.004138909,0.0005473162,0.001045306,0.0005714389,0.000163998],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003176912,0.00006807286,0.0321664,0.0003731974,0.00005321701,0.007117822,0.1426105,0.0006309168,0.02576691,0.7548689,0.00154093,0.03448546],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001465169,0.0001793311,0.05364466,0.0003284482,0.0002147911,0.01340806,0.07326728,0.01410607,0.02224054,0.7456238,0.07661397,0.000226528],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8919989,0.0006297828,0.03400077,0.002582033,0.00003326474,0.00004457789,0.0001219399,0.0001840481,0.07040468],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967852,0.00006346594,0.00214131,0.0001030861,0.00001956611,0.00001031311,0.00003693535,0.00007381687,0.0007662612],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004352804,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01165807,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01679226637304394,"score_gpt":0.2421084294898317,"score_spread":0.2253161631167878,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}