{"id":"W2511100296","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22647","title":"Towards a unified approach for modelling uniform and non‐uniform bubbly flows","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft","keywords":"Turbulence; Bubble; Closure (psychology); Mechanics; Scale (ratio); Flow (mathematics); Euler's formula; Statistical physics; Work (physics); Set (abstract data type); Closure problem; Physics; K-epsilon turbulence model; Mathematics; Computer science; Thermodynamics; Mathematical analysis","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002414824,0.001195994,0.001818928,0.001644778,0.000637728,0.002663559,0.002023367,0.002129911,0.0006812009],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003534497,0.000718231,0.001744325,0.0006931085,0.001586164,0.001997927,0.002329897,0.001742007,0.0002169657],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001289774,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001932001,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01545826,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007746798,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992436,0.0002706595,0.00006632817,0.0001011466,0.0002440625,0.00007416694],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990587,0.0004129274,0.0001235725,0.0001357982,0.0001966463,0.00007235054],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005672212,0.000125603,0.00124579,0.0001399319,0.0000440977,0.0001471698,0.0002146976,0.8996001,0.01767082,0.06861313,0.0003678983,0.01177394],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004828041,0.00001105525,0.0001070714,0.00000485615,0.000003205968,0.000007181237,0.000008614476,0.9952916,0.0004811363,0.003724123,0.0003511715,0.000005143567],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03159044,0.000591194,0.9654458,0.0001332781,0.0000388589,0.0001079642,0.0001361053,0.0003610096,0.001595276],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6386152,0.0009085735,0.3564485,0.0001307225,0.00008732337,0.000587546,0.0004985019,0.0003450661,0.002378474],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01545826,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03073657,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009508142339283831,"score_gpt":0.168686023006645,"score_spread":0.1591778806673612,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}