{"id":"W2512173100","doi":"10.1080/17538947.2011.582276","title":"Geographic information systems and science","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Digital Earth","topic":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1696,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; Universidade de Lisboa; Mitacs; Myongji University","keywords":"Geovisualization; Geographic information system; Data science; Field (mathematics); GIS and public health; Computer science; GIS applications; Geography; Visualization; Cartography; Data mining; Information visualization","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003495482,0.0007177229,0.001154757,0.003877984,0.001258582,0.008918832,0.00070319,0.00221744,0.02385911],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01182724,0.0003603229,0.0003874294,0.00864249,0.007756472,0.009147069,0.003304422,0.003335563,0.003101392],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002902596,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004668006,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0109341,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01077341,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965598,0.00175327,0.0002594308,0.0004017819,0.0008743015,0.0001514188],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9910715,0.005592295,0.0006702919,0.001248263,0.001053013,0.0003646641],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001663603,0.0000365839,0.003093867,0.0008640683,0.0001106171,0.0001217102,0.001459539,0.001610807,0.0001656867,0.7328336,0.1312317,0.1284552],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008534405,0.00002950347,0.002651909,0.0008560804,0.00003066453,0.0002174697,0.001819328,0.0007075017,0.000106412,0.5261088,0.4674376,0.00002627343],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01168321,0.390972,0.05296296,0.2312243,0.007511589,0.00021106,0.005625059,0.0007894466,0.2990204],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5415764,0.3116377,0.04119077,0.01901904,0.01185223,0.0003337502,0.004893661,0.0003385785,0.06915788],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02385911,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0798167,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02278559294284277,"score_gpt":0.2656427527824634,"score_spread":0.2428571598396206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}