{"id":"W2513707435","doi":"10.1364/oe.24.020494","title":"Picosecond laser-induced water condensation in a cloud chamber","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China; Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Cloud chamber; Materials science; Laser; Airflow; Picosecond; Optics; Condensation; Snow; Saturation (graph theory); Protein filament; Laser power scaling; Meteorology; Physics; Nuclear physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005257448,0.00009721544,0.00009845171,0.00004215089,0.00005407872,0.00004522374,0.00007876755,0.00002998607,0.002189781],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001425167,0.00006113348,0.00004110562,0.00003970574,0.00001782152,0.0001687468,0.00004425034,0.00007181309,0.00068348],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002103777,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000101764,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000743514,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001144138,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993626,0.00001859519,0.0001796706,0.0001789424,0.00006789453,0.00019224],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995693,0.00004622074,0.00004003552,0.0002534184,0.00004392191,0.00004711366],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001785595,0.0004221631,0.005108613,0.000008455399,0.00004660574,0.000003221348,0.0007312719,0.00005729686,0.9470894,0.03852369,0.001996526,0.005994875],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001265624,0.00002693946,0.00080262,0.00006081875,0.00001473386,0.000002024592,0.0002404099,0.0004478828,0.9492609,0.01076573,0.03680572,0.0003066066],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9821932,4.999628e-7,0.002999979,0.0007520092,0.0001659916,0.000141529,0.0000556054,0.00001726155,0.01367398],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948729,4.77399e-7,0.0002148826,0.00006826007,0.0002489402,0.0001221596,0.00002939678,0.00001465536,0.004428374],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0348092,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987224,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01590596924632884,"score_gpt":0.2578551215994402,"score_spread":0.2419491523531114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}