{"id":"W2514969557","doi":"10.3917/ls.157.0019","title":"Investment and Language Learning in the 21 st Century","year":2016,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Langage et société","topic":"Second Language Learning and Teaching","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":86,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Humanities; Philosophy; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009457222,0.0001911867,0.0002261263,0.001126386,0.001791944,0.004467682,0.0003261857,0.001209536,0.005472907],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002273079,0.0001201683,0.0001199899,0.00123413,0.005932146,0.003237816,0.002556956,0.001566959,0.0005374652],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0046374,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001449668,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007693692,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01653379,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991012,0.0002511783,0.00003945088,0.0001200716,0.0001776246,0.0003106167],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987576,0.0004757413,0.0003150098,0.0000587254,0.0001481955,0.0002447146],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009026809,0.0001377432,0.02113925,0.0001014187,0.00001735339,0.0007268295,0.0493144,0.0007969019,0.0005666389,0.847271,0.001775394,0.07806287],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003801576,0.000204325,0.1052533,0.0006229414,0.0000219955,0.001023924,0.03100061,0.001340471,0.001214046,0.401311,0.4578948,0.0000745816],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6710419,0.009619057,0.00139027,0.0125846,0.00009060425,0.00001276674,0.00009389751,0.00001603249,0.3051508],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9797626,0.002207423,0.0002812161,0.0003119894,0.00006408188,0.000006379775,0.00002219924,0.000007183071,0.01733687],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007693692,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03364688,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02119295619369776,"score_gpt":0.2810624701375719,"score_spread":0.2598695139438741,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}