{"id":"W2516267716","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.027","title":"Emission factors of air pollutants from CNG-gasoline bi-fuel vehicles: Part I. Black carbon","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Vehicle emissions and performance","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Calgary","keywords":"Gasoline; Compressed natural gas; Green vehicle; Environmental science; NOx; Pollutant; Miles per gallon gasoline equivalent; Waste management; Nitrogen oxide; Environmental engineering; Fuel efficiency; Automotive engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Combustion","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002239497,0.0005095248,0.0001936754,0.0008916537,0.0002320523,0.0002655071,0.0002273989,0.0002516053,0.002142874],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002303786,0.0001032015,0.0004898232,0.0006451725,0.0001471667,0.0002270315,0.0001779468,0.0001458708,0.0003842725],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008704649,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004008013,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06380473,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05030367,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999869,0.00001135925,0.000005718797,0.00002279642,0.0000605706,0.00003052611],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998807,0.00003887764,0.00001352666,0.000005187309,0.00005190696,0.00000994523],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004044986,0.0005766391,0.3582473,0.000909142,0.0006672257,0.0007566771,0.0004075692,0.1209168,0.4092788,0.004417195,0.005443159,0.09433436],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004443173,0.0004970502,0.7909936,0.00005015672,0.0002118446,0.0002294957,0.0003298941,0.02610438,0.1674624,0.001192684,0.01281837,0.00006558478],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9937094,0.0009590362,0.001241627,0.00002632922,0.00001598874,0.00002179081,0.001139405,0.00002709372,0.002859241],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942282,0.0004381409,0.0002797048,0.00001128623,0.000005575096,0.00001650032,0.001617019,0.0000152853,0.003388275],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06380473,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1268667,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009769727232981898,"score_gpt":0.1913917152783988,"score_spread":0.1816219880454169,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}