{"id":"W2518570066","doi":"10.1257/aer.20161492","title":"Certified Random: A New Order for Coauthorship","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Economic Review","topic":"Game Theory and Applications","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Alphabet; Order (exchange); Computer science; Certification; Norm (philosophy); First order; Mathematical economics; Operations research; Economics; Mathematics; Linguistics; Political science; Law; Management; Philosophy; Applied mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002624523,0.0001265561,0.0005962613,0.00005598528,0.0001226033,0.00007871888,0.0007198954,0.00001859546,0.00254529],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00171135,0.00009280937,0.0001858878,0.000382583,0.0004052169,0.0001190248,0.00005140398,0.0000499741,0.009241344],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002943867,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001658523,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006190372,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006360729,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998341,0.0001750419,0.0007030655,0.0004510984,0.0001056187,0.0002242285],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969431,0.001455387,0.000484714,0.0008276923,0.0001163625,0.0001727144],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004961536,0.0000103504,0.00006961637,0.00001605074,0.00001609975,6.400629e-8,0.00007089038,0.000002368584,0.00002305815,0.01836669,0.2175865,0.7637887],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003389501,0.00007778431,0.0001753958,0.00006756762,0.00003298888,0.000004212955,0.00005562067,0.0001617104,0.00007393385,0.05256034,0.946321,0.0001305599],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1146286,0.04786635,0.3549981,0.1928148,0.002839693,0.0130926,0.00022367,0.0005473993,0.2729888],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8795254,0.01279513,0.01654891,0.03679306,0.002000717,0.0009133596,0.00002657411,0.00007923827,0.05131761],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7648968,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9983665,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2276756610719252,"score_gpt":0.4664620319589168,"score_spread":0.2387863708869917,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}