{"id":"W2519069346","doi":"10.1037/teo0000048","title":"Quantification in psychology: Critical analysis of an unreflective practice.","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology","topic":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","field":"Psychology","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Epistemology; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00217303,0.0001761128,0.0006966489,0.0006877308,0.00004014563,0.00001098072,0.0002643958,0.0003218217,0.001399489],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005399977,0.0001136307,0.0002116716,0.0007348158,0.002298204,0.0002036314,0.00004058691,0.0005042595,0.00001265266],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002080242,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002210305,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005588492,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003102956,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965518,0.001374573,0.001066408,0.0004459184,0.0002297928,0.0003315767],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9924653,0.006023662,0.0003923271,0.0003621799,0.0005255457,0.0002309849],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003115472,0.001517905,0.007090131,0.000006939557,0.0004980296,0.00009577605,0.0003861777,5.484524e-7,0.002768203,0.9360256,0.00004037121,0.04845481],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001530378,0.002272861,0.1326359,0.00004587056,0.0006198748,0.0004004888,0.000154328,0.00003385698,0.00004525087,0.8618529,0.0002653995,0.0001428877],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7917593,0.0006364844,0.01838115,0.1513683,0.0008034667,0.0001583392,0.00004135409,0.0000170708,0.03683452],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955342,0.000096692,0.001532721,0.002551693,0.0002571075,0.000005835123,0.000001675492,0.00001506316,0.00000494485],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.203775,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995134,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07144827821364612,"score_gpt":0.4601562174715627,"score_spread":0.3887079392579166,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}