{"id":"W2520280309","doi":"10.1038/s41467-017-01827-3","title":"Supervised learning in spiking neural networks with FORCE training","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Neural dynamics and brain function","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":241,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Leverhulme Trust; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Wellcome Trust","keywords":"Zebra finch; Computer science; Songbird; Biological neural network; Artificial neural network; Artificial intelligence; Spiking neural network; Spike (software development); Machine learning; Winner-take-all; Neuroscience; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001880954,0.0001076863,0.0001187026,0.00007153105,0.001311775,0.0002218322,0.001256776,0.0001305607,0.000005311646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004873926,0.00009260356,0.00003598639,0.0001672724,0.0001654045,0.0003443161,0.0003045681,0.001660507,0.000001899428],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002904331,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001984521,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002210792,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001337267,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991385,0.0001401668,0.0001364067,0.0002287213,0.0001289252,0.0002273241],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998122,0.0003543405,0.0001366186,0.001311257,0.00003227585,0.00004352779],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003820361,0.0004718537,0.2835249,0.00004818339,0.00003330118,0.0001183605,0.00474892,0.1221057,0.1947215,0.1332393,0.0003254381,0.2602805],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004673947,0.00005840551,0.03980995,0.00004185043,0.000005934804,0.00002424991,0.0001226893,0.955228,0.000250144,0.0001905896,0.003628731,0.0001720115],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9693729,0.0003063337,0.0009362321,0.009288778,0.0003785346,0.000364045,0.000003601362,0.0001841003,0.0191655],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997997,0.00008238946,0.000565484,0.0008258044,0.00004436093,0.00002171546,0.00001075322,0.00001919769,0.0004332545],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8331223,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999884,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05892565964253392,"score_gpt":0.3083246273789866,"score_spread":0.2493989677364526,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}