{"id":"W2521226405","doi":"10.2166/wqrj.2008.005","title":"Bench-Scale Evaluation of Sonication as a Pretreatment Process for Ultraviolet Disinfection of Wastewater","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Quality Research Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Trojan Technologies (Canada); University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Sonication; Effluent; Trickling filter; Wastewater; Chemistry; Ultraviolet; Pulp and paper industry; Activated sludge; Sewage treatment; Environmental science; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Materials science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007267084,0.0003818395,0.0003607714,0.0001887573,0.0003194569,0.0004293796,0.0003468387,0.0005384501,0.0007781627],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009123351,0.0001599092,0.0004524737,0.0002599045,0.0003860549,0.0002568626,0.0002400931,0.0005327244,0.0002302835],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004143143,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004299269,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00178515,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002211746,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999557,0.0001787664,0.00002895193,0.00005349211,0.0001398443,0.00004191947],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995317,0.0002096906,0.00006886281,0.00004181452,0.0001017816,0.00004616718],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002037939,0.0002927029,0.0002782017,0.00007872975,0.00001218353,0.00002449348,0.00003281694,0.0003210687,0.9968523,0.00001881745,0.00003037437,0.001854464],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003193609,0.00526115,0.003292573,0.000007431558,0.00004111095,0.0000539544,0.00007111658,0.001143798,0.9896148,0.00002577687,0.000445116,0.00001117129],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968299,0.0003966516,0.002158764,0.00004784164,0.00002544468,0.00007667467,0.00009401484,0.00002681877,0.0003438766],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9911444,0.0006531347,0.007026235,0.00004489621,0.00002391402,0.00005909244,0.0002888491,0.00001258062,0.0007469283],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00178515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003843307,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2326221933145743,"score_gpt":0.4728345179401291,"score_spread":0.2402123246255548,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}