{"id":"W2521967188","doi":"10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.08.006","title":"Antimicrobial growth promoter use in livestock: a requirement to understand their modes of action to develop effective alternatives","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents","topic":"Gut microbiota and health","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":231,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Health Canada; University of Alberta; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Livestock; Biotechnology; Antimicrobial; Agriculture; Antibiotic resistance; Biology; Function (biology); Population; Business; Production (economics); Environmental health; Economics; Medicine; Microbiology; Ecology; Antibiotics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000546539,0.0006397789,0.001079499,0.000832562,0.0001445293,0.000935561,0.0005427162,0.0008898973,0.001632543],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006573519,0.000172824,0.0003830974,0.0006681421,0.0003487231,0.001001728,0.0004037828,0.001550344,0.0007233205],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002862299,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007105664,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003852772,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008350771,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999795,0.0000339047,0.00002763845,0.0000351678,0.00008413802,0.00002417741],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995682,0.0002002818,0.00009045316,0.00001317636,0.0001019366,0.00002602292],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000164342,0.0001245084,0.0004456117,0.01315953,0.00008428982,0.000238783,0.00004467446,0.0003385855,0.02377769,0.002890756,0.00580928,0.9529218],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000032841,0.0005881406,0.00170216,0.004259851,0.000278556,0.002044837,0.0001774251,0.0002671655,0.01854037,0.00217343,0.969898,0.00003716348],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0009466406,0.9968224,0.0006125526,0.0003360759,0.0001900277,0.000005941847,0.00002722105,0.000009296221,0.001049884],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.004382738,0.9931029,0.001211176,0.0002332137,0.0001453506,0.00001347739,0.00003699099,0.000002941389,0.0008711242],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001632543,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005461395,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0798566651441021,"score_gpt":0.3769635775059761,"score_spread":0.297106912361874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}