{"id":"W2526264695","doi":"10.1007/978-0-387-74759-0","title":"Encyclopedia of Optimization","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"","topic":"Process Optimization and Integration","field":"Engineering","cited_by":807,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Massachusetts Amherst; University at Buffalo; Universität Greifswald; Szegedi Tudományegyetem; University of Thessaly; Shanghai University of Finance and Economics; Università di Pisa; RWTH Aachen University; Anna University; Universität Hamburg; Jyväskylän Yliopisto; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Saint Petersburg State University; Universidade de Coimbra; University of Crete; University of Toronto; China Agricultural University; Universität Wien; Univerzita Karlova v Praze; Bodossaki Foundation; Universität Ulm; Universiteit Leiden; York University; University of Central Florida; University of Cyprus; U.S. Air Force; McGill University; Mississippi State University; University of Cincinnati; DuPont; Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Washington State University; University of Petra; National Science Foundation; Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II; Princeton University; University of Washington; Università degli Studi di Camerino; Fordham University; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Marquette University; University of Cambridge","keywords":"Encyclopedia; Computer science; Library science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003665614,0.002021241,0.002371609,0.00252513,0.0004719221,0.002606403,0.001480064,0.000968398,0.1254095],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009942055,0.0007483435,0.0008831322,0.004727817,0.0006120154,0.001996584,0.001503704,0.002176639,0.08080948],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001168605,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001478691,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001901526,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004879553,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993864,0.00005992238,0.00003642947,0.00009614157,0.0003881823,0.00003288555],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996387,0.0001103683,0.00002012104,0.000075034,0.0001267451,0.00002902114],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002178165,0.00006295419,0.000092953,0.0006772397,0.00003035334,0.00004339125,0.00003566419,0.007917874,0.001106007,0.03723793,0.4927793,0.4599946],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008671364,0.00002253286,0.0003170549,0.0002516853,0.0000146942,0.0001681681,0.00002229208,0.006514375,0.0004096612,0.03240312,0.9598488,0.00001894403],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0006694954,0.04910555,0.1235045,0.001766187,0.004456585,0.0001399057,0.001849525,0.003209132,0.8152992],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.007336435,0.04577147,0.07001416,0.001226958,0.002154705,0.0003826244,0.002569746,0.00266611,0.8678778],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1254095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4195367,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005429903149574633,"score_gpt":0.1764938070324733,"score_spread":0.1710639038828987,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}