{"id":"W2528361617","doi":"10.29173/alr443","title":"The Rise and Fall of Plaintiff-Friendly Causation","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Alberta Law Review","topic":"Legal principles and applications","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Causation; Plaintiff; Doctrine; Supreme court; Law; Political science; Law and economics; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0538789,0.0004918834,0.001078749,0.00467214,0.01221242,0.01008976,0.002856932,0.009770456,0.006349373],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1084546,0.0009706009,0.001140756,0.003469428,0.0376826,0.007060746,0.006481618,0.0160884,0.0006155042],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.04099537,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.04718787,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.395975,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4548398,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9336407,0.01599551,0.001846853,0.008382207,0.03374317,0.006391471],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9230344,0.04478064,0.006988797,0.00417089,0.01729639,0.003728861],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005902068,0.000005737194,0.00127672,0.00003500071,0.00001299033,0.0001031384,0.001342587,0.00007918199,0.00008104853,0.9814921,0.006303374,0.009262179],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006532521,0.00006549539,0.01573417,0.0007850402,0.00006837542,0.0006141926,0.002596334,0.0008453265,0.0007999391,0.5967156,0.3815787,0.0001314639],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.06702784,0.03564872,0.03986762,0.4503357,0.00286746,0.0002213932,0.0005191444,0.0002442434,0.4032679],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8622751,0.01146394,0.006941134,0.09728605,0.00148128,0.0001110206,0.0001334303,0.0001120244,0.02019591],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.395975,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7873404,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01861895519399953,"score_gpt":0.3121237151507845,"score_spread":0.293504759956785,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}