{"id":"W2531985189","doi":"10.1021/acscatal.6b01719","title":"Rational Design of Efficient Palladium Catalysts for Electroreduction of Carbon Dioxide to Formate","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Catalysis","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":341,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Connaught Fund; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Overpotential; Catalysis; Formate; Rational design; Formic acid; Electrosynthesis; Palladium; Faraday efficiency; Electrochemistry; Chemistry; Electrocatalyst; Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide; Selectivity; Inorganic chemistry; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Physical chemistry; Carbon monoxide","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003488345,0.0001642183,0.000340371,0.0003350889,0.00004807085,0.000005665366,0.0002171945,0.00008620923,0.00001718521],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001377153,0.0001254197,0.0001867999,0.0005300747,0.00005896398,0.00008559483,0.00004866959,0.00003340836,0.000006855655],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001441018,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008010986,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000551522,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005585317,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985692,0.00003588559,0.0005390288,0.0002925226,0.0002991712,0.0002642288],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987313,0.00009338893,0.0002730766,0.0004788162,0.0003383685,0.00008507306],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002006616,0.00009041746,0.00003402416,0.000034673,0.0001497806,2.637683e-7,0.0002270975,0.002986118,0.9777739,0.002129643,0.0005815063,0.01579193],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003340593,0.000174406,0.0001606728,0.00003026875,0.000145578,0.000007513288,0.00005426125,0.0001981364,0.9970893,0.0005139047,0.001131735,0.0001601954],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9023394,0.0001284738,0.09536566,0.0006432602,0.0001945881,0.0006805509,0.00006313175,0.0001170091,0.0004679333],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973524,0.00002640528,0.001650039,0.0000160589,0.00008806359,0.0002199379,0.0001128504,0.00002632449,0.0005079262],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.095013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5114467,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01288669217439411,"score_gpt":0.241162999483433,"score_spread":0.2282763073090389,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}