{"id":"W2533466077","doi":"10.1109/iembs.2004.1404069","title":"Automated classification of swallowing and breadth sounds","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Dysphagia Assessment and Management","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Swallowing; Computer science; Feature extraction; Sample entropy; Speech recognition; Pattern recognition (psychology); Spectrogram; Artificial intelligence; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002972916,0.00005409209,0.00009634648,0.00005840024,0.0001371042,0.000004333388,0.00005072245,0.00005079803,0.0005024862],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001350115,0.00004441067,0.00001461252,0.00008011558,0.00001747074,0.0001288205,0.00005369978,0.00007762577,0.0001038619],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004173127,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003419249,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000636852,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009489754,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999334,0.00005954859,0.0002465384,0.0001057252,0.0001021329,0.000152007],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996392,0.00007209987,0.0000855216,0.0001238742,0.00004154505,0.00003780293],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004609194,0.0002855778,0.3377789,0.0005523537,0.0002107072,0.000001274881,0.004969541,0.00002537584,0.01928065,0.3405674,0.2413216,0.05496049],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001005559,0.00003626464,0.8280185,0.00006098384,0.00004604296,1.919901e-7,0.003638419,0.04184124,0.0001351766,0.0003152485,0.1247822,0.0001201109],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6105407,0.00004253207,0.002855051,0.00482135,0.0001884864,0.0004625917,0.000001484683,0.0005197315,0.380568],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9764088,0.00002239652,0.00353403,0.0004344641,0.00004771681,0.00002518914,0.000008850638,0.000007006492,0.01951156],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4902397,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5501871,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05690654022018998,"score_gpt":0.4316773653838974,"score_spread":0.3747708251637075,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}