{"id":"W2536881237","doi":"10.1109/tic-sth.2009.5444466","title":"Continuous authentication by electrocardiogram data","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"User Authentication and Security Systems","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Credential; Password; Computer security; Session (web analytics); Authentication (law); Biometrics; Replay attack; Multi-factor authentication; Challenge–response authentication; Identity (music); Process (computing); Authentication protocol; World Wide Web; Operating system","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002870334,0.00007778529,0.0001088361,0.00005011697,0.00006329837,0.0002502306,0.001687291,0.0000363981,0.00001365138],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002397633,0.00006895694,0.00002970138,0.0002749349,0.00001133001,0.000507241,0.00009939547,0.00005616346,0.0002122439],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000116536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002049794,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001350198,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001789445,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989916,0.00004853009,0.000182556,0.0003639274,0.000222511,0.0001908658],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998278,0.0000194571,0.00005001436,0.00152759,0.00004893018,0.00007595771],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004323491,0.0004930192,0.0005496227,0.000008058009,0.00005929589,0.000003489647,0.008096371,1.494031e-7,0.02079207,0.3724157,0.4094086,0.1881693],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007090705,0.0002418166,0.005969306,0.00001323556,0.0000265774,0.00004822575,0.00008318354,0.518029,0.005640783,0.02156451,0.4470986,0.0005757591],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.005715222,0.0003110952,0.9743841,0.007784748,0.0001885097,0.0002496506,0.000005749964,0.0006277776,0.01073315],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939975,0.00001135071,0.002828704,0.001012903,0.00002969398,0.00000302313,0.00006362293,0.000002805154,0.002050394],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9882823,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3135435,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01760042808000781,"score_gpt":0.2650508253853969,"score_spread":0.2474503973053891,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}