{"id":"W2537700922","doi":"10.1680/jgeot.15.p.113","title":"Subtleties in discrete-element modelling of wet granular soils","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique","topic":"Soil and Unsaturated Flow","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Discrete element method; Granular material; Mechanics; Capillary action; Stress (linguistics); Particle (ecology); Saturation (graph theory); Extended discrete element method; Cauchy stress tensor; Capillary pressure; Point (geometry); Element (criminal law); Finite element method; Geotechnical engineering; Classical mechanics; Materials science; Mathematics; Geometry; Physics; Geology; Composite material; Boundary element method; Porous medium; Thermodynamics; Porosity","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001345328,0.0001092678,0.0001515526,0.00011568,0.00001084419,0.000005030676,0.0001088153,0.0001131703,0.00003070088],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005714422,0.00007877822,0.00004176074,0.0001290449,0.00002943568,0.00007670956,0.00001728875,0.0001053152,0.000007163713],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004660697,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008477548,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006572848,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002226065,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993753,0.00001412065,0.000212139,0.0001060513,0.00009741479,0.0001949934],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999723,0.00002434813,0.00001938617,0.0001858528,0.00001794962,0.00002942635],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001176986,0.0001245351,0.005092938,0.0005633137,0.0000977804,0.00006717262,0.00155272,0.3770755,0.5086486,0.01944266,0.004837419,0.08237964],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004451602,0.00005002752,0.0003592462,0.0003717469,0.000008486692,0.000003321207,0.00003599423,0.07740793,0.908043,0.008504193,0.004444792,0.0003260704],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3983234,0.0002272041,0.5988264,0.0001836837,0.00009346705,0.0001761186,0.00001712756,0.0003584318,0.001794177],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959938,0.0003610728,0.003446397,0.000009748756,0.00002605845,0.00004265811,0.000002689924,0.00002247838,0.00009513134],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5976704,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3212483,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01386168575581195,"score_gpt":0.2034758002278654,"score_spread":0.1896141144720535,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}