{"id":"W2538172587","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.10.011","title":"Investigating copper toxicity in the tropical fish cardinal tetra ( Paracheirodon axelrodi ) in natural Amazonian waters: Measurements, modeling, and reality","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Aquatic Toxicology","topic":"Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University; University of British Columbia","funders":"U.S. Bureau of Land Management","keywords":"Bioaccumulation; Environmental chemistry; Copper; Amazonian; Chemistry; Toxicity; Copper toxicity; Soft water; Biotic Ligand Model; Toxicant; Acute toxicity; Amazon rainforest; Dissolved organic carbon; Ecology; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001299012,0.0002783643,0.0004059089,0.00008049826,0.0001868842,0.00002477125,0.0004147381,0.0003383928,0.0003145021],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004449113,0.0001781247,0.00006090706,0.0002302763,0.0009886629,0.0002541651,0.0002642034,0.0004952987,0.00009789879],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005107645,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001899082,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002796873,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01235811,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966007,0.001083092,0.0005748371,0.0006766685,0.0003076021,0.0007570252],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989951,0.0003949526,0.0001121216,0.0003674152,0.000002592078,0.000127847],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004645608,0.0002671402,0.9541968,0.000007771954,0.00001439952,0.00003073216,0.001014197,0.000616856,0.04086409,0.0000612838,0.0005743774,0.002305955],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001849786,0.0004448701,0.9831423,0.00003320985,0.00002498803,0.00008699074,0.0002910642,0.007633916,0.002962475,0.002700788,0.0004751506,0.0003544664],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9868978,0.00002931233,0.0001422444,0.01112582,0.0001630926,0.0005134591,0.000005223705,0.00002238845,0.001100694],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939669,0.00003031982,0.0004640337,0.00523401,0.00004683614,0.0001262143,0.000004302171,0.00001556142,0.0001118114],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03790161,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7263715,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04528987787459866,"score_gpt":0.2630849238835737,"score_spread":0.2177950460089751,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}