{"id":"W2538372498","doi":"10.1038/srep35902","title":"Opting out against defection leads to stable coexistence with cooperation","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University; Université de Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Reciprocity (cultural anthropology); Dilemma; Kin selection; Selection (genetic algorithm); Microeconomics; Social dilemma; Prisoner's dilemma; Simple (philosophy); Game theory; Computer science; Mathematical economics; Economics; Social psychology; Psychology; Biology; Evolutionary biology; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002905728,0.00008671744,0.00009116661,0.00009424134,0.001682418,0.0003282383,0.00009410002,0.00004971849,0.0001624613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005046624,0.00005994578,0.0000266672,0.0005162886,0.0003353021,0.0008190093,0.00002485997,0.00004488341,0.0001783166],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001955678,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003590281,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006114163,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002255772,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982831,0.0001723165,0.0002483602,0.0005008219,0.0004992553,0.0002960699],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988952,0.00005038743,0.0001246273,0.0003214545,0.0004693322,0.0001389988],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001691075,0.0002368645,0.03075126,0.000022778,0.00002724455,0.0001740721,0.03137203,0.006271385,0.7936346,0.08013106,0.02105455,0.03615505],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007203218,0.0005058536,0.002983239,0.000731129,0.00005675932,0.0001130111,0.006878154,0.0003163003,0.1262755,0.01097942,0.8489947,0.001445608],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9442736,0.0000223568,0.0140734,0.0009479676,0.003097079,0.0003922284,0.000001294748,0.0001482972,0.03704379],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9515611,0.000004433413,0.0005944152,0.00007746541,0.000156632,0.00003392345,0.000009747235,0.000007443661,0.04755483],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8279402,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996173,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02331208929232537,"score_gpt":0.2836342831495738,"score_spread":0.2603221938572484,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}