{"id":"W2548030651","doi":"10.1017/s0263034616000653","title":"Formation of double layers and evolution of the distribution functions during ion acceleration driven by a high-intensity short laser pulse normally incident on thin foils","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Laser and Particle Beams","topic":"Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique; Hydro-Québec","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Atomic physics; Electron; Laser; Plasma; Pulse (music); Distribution function; Ion; Vlasov equation; Acceleration; Computational physics; Optics; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000795737,0.00008444301,0.0001093715,0.00001647722,0.0001665229,0.00002649023,0.00003859017,0.0000314025,0.00005083539],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001330648,0.00005415951,0.0000487107,0.00008323904,0.00004410696,0.0004167953,0.00003907035,0.00005616495,0.000007962387],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004579527,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001278201,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005344336,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009291698,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999384,0.00002645193,0.0002352801,0.0001184799,0.0001178357,0.0001179701],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995403,0.00006206776,0.0001051418,0.0001325138,0.0001113153,0.0000486276],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008495921,0.0006532111,0.766507,0.00008533745,0.00008171454,4.771355e-7,0.0004365259,0.007029949,0.2132106,0.006498551,0.002018637,0.002628452],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009143552,0.0001024916,0.2316841,0.00009709837,0.00005292269,0.000001207097,0.0001981128,0.002188747,0.7643453,0.0002623471,0.00007424341,0.00007908847],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.99208,0.000003360248,0.006967803,0.0002880825,0.0001485,0.0001841972,0.0002158633,0.000009842351,0.0001023795],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999697,0.000005988969,0.00001457805,0.000009962871,0.0000442155,0.00002152811,0.00006038274,0.000004793275,0.0001415501],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5511347,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2208561,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008861700788827153,"score_gpt":0.216931989388667,"score_spread":0.2080702885998398,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}