{"id":"W2548229212","doi":"10.1016/j.beproc.2016.11.003","title":"Evidence for positive, but not negative, behavioral contrast with wheel-running reinforcement on multiple variable-ratio schedules","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Behavioural Processes","topic":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","field":"Psychology","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Mount Allison University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Reinforcement; Wheel running; Contrast (vision); Lever; Schedule; Extinction (optical mineralogy); Psychology; Component (thermodynamics); Simulation; Social psychology; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Engineering; Physics; Biology; Optics; Endocrinology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002235389,0.0005036259,0.0004881756,0.00008843245,0.0005106812,0.0001079215,0.0003821367,0.0002118963,0.0007298366],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003143638,0.0002850705,0.0001015336,0.0002941413,0.0004579235,0.0004941963,0.00006937886,0.0002273607,0.0001050599],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001019886,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007863133,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008184835,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002208247,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973464,0.00006920411,0.0005231394,0.0008665351,0.0004063142,0.0007884257],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974554,0.001067038,0.0003179597,0.0003585262,0.0006073402,0.0001937797],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01772699,0.002900147,0.8777655,0.0001836517,0.0002771113,0.0001332095,0.002151712,0.00003693909,0.04139568,0.01359228,0.00223956,0.04159723],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00969618,0.0100811,0.9097466,0.002460483,0.0006055918,0.00004912604,0.001620341,0.000008052838,0.06303007,0.0004018379,0.0007236779,0.001576919],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9836147,0.0004066742,0.0114021,0.001418138,0.000417408,0.001577143,0.0002548568,0.0002362904,0.0006726835],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99186,0.00004099799,0.002282664,0.0005146604,0.0001486699,0.001424136,0.00002969605,0.00004985127,0.003649282],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04002031,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999601,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3141216490523223,"score_gpt":0.3729187476075269,"score_spread":0.05879709855520465,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}