{"id":"W2550099664","doi":"10.1111/wej.12213","title":"Contaminated particle characteristics influence on membrane fouling","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water and Environment Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Polysulfone; Membrane; Dispersity; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Sphericity; Particle (ecology); Materials science; Chemical engineering; Particle size; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material; Polymer chemistry; Geology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003181545,0.0002793704,0.0002506514,0.0002340167,0.0001226728,0.0004625959,0.0001085226,0.0003303659,0.0002625748],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001016305,0.000140373,0.0003124913,0.0001531162,0.0001715887,0.0002338293,0.0001656381,0.0002327199,0.0001124051],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002267331,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001265453,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001056815,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005623734,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997197,0.00006580631,0.00002112642,0.00004099911,0.000118714,0.00003370993],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994227,0.0002440593,0.0001206663,0.00004796562,0.0001335649,0.00003112868],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002109282,0.00003027179,0.006787295,0.00006876913,0.00003908658,0.0001637196,0.00003903409,0.003090137,0.9861544,0.00007214163,0.00001886691,0.003325387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004014213,0.000303514,0.02016744,0.000003497548,0.00003361066,0.0001522576,0.00004242486,0.01017437,0.968745,0.00006410429,0.0002982123,0.00001151536],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974838,0.0001928163,0.001989148,0.000007063589,0.000004570893,0.000007133628,0.0000365528,0.00001199979,0.0002668483],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993317,0.000104311,0.0003869679,0.000004744502,0.000001351402,0.000002097122,0.00003922267,0.00000341573,0.0001261347],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001056815,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002101302,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009793785669264537,"score_gpt":0.202006577838852,"score_spread":0.1922127921695875,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}