{"id":"W2550357391","doi":"10.5539/jel.v6n1p158","title":"Academic Misconduct: An Investigation into Male Students’ Perceptions, Experiences & Attitudes towards Cheating and Plagiarism in a Middle Eastern University Context","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Education and Learning","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cheating; Academic dishonesty; Misconduct; Academic integrity; Context (archaeology); Psychology; Likert scale; Population; The Internet; Test (biology); Higher education; Medical education; Social psychology; Sociology; Medicine; Political science; Law; Developmental psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["research_integrity"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"}],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002192043,0.0002956757,0.0004703103,0.001218063,0.003693149,0.002891702,0.0005102842,0.0008352372,0.002548356],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005134298,0.0003710169,0.0003835093,0.0009659449,0.001624475,0.001510968,0.002028858,0.001488177,0.0005577519],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001289855,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001374826,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004006859,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007607744,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980668,0.000764731,0.0001211072,0.0001083158,0.0004397805,0.000499297],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9947461,0.001329148,0.00166508,0.0001524618,0.0008090602,0.0012982],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009580227,0.0008919779,0.4776336,0.0001695224,0.00002641156,0.001670043,0.4962381,0.00003631337,0.001792073,0.000508977,0.0006888909,0.02024827],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003556529,0.0007171491,0.2817638,0.00006843975,0.00001823399,0.00120267,0.7110599,0.00009795411,0.0005739384,0.0001079657,0.004356772,0.00002966205],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991358,0.00009663999,0.00003581191,0.000170839,0.00000480453,0.000008631716,0.00001318354,0.000001139744,0.0005332381],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989268,0.000174019,0.00003875322,0.0001305729,0.0000070582,0.000008773222,0.000009098449,0.000001165596,0.000703767],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9991648,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01159281,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05703019522157006,"score_gpt":0.3584878495728219,"score_spread":0.3014576543512518,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}