{"id":"W2552798294","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2866426","title":"Knowledge Sources and Waste Reduction: Less is More","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Public Procurement and Policy","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Reduction (mathematics); Environmental science; Waste management; Business; Engineering; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008010264,0.0001556749,0.0001375889,0.0002451042,0.0003148883,0.0002593473,0.0002361695,0.00005819041,0.0001170135],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000343922,0.0001016603,0.00006724826,0.0002393459,0.00007615286,0.001326494,0.0001016256,0.0004101224,0.0001314803],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001599016,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003052233,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006106749,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001381764,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981322,0.000009344565,0.0001959608,0.0001866071,0.000172439,0.001303488],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995557,0.0000109103,0.0001710401,0.0001183634,0.0001211803,0.00002278742],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007942697,0.00009555074,0.009647561,0.00006224153,0.0002333879,0.000001762388,0.0003881336,4.970848e-7,0.003036523,0.5826297,0.02234716,0.381478],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002506047,0.00006671265,0.001242431,0.0001872701,0.000132487,0.0003783615,0.005068713,0.0000812435,0.0004536354,0.5178891,0.4713803,0.0006137279],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9427178,0.007425182,0.0007939291,0.03191079,0.0004837576,0.0001273522,0.000001076142,0.00009305945,0.01644707],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9773432,0.001765829,0.000007900069,0.0004722197,0.006182337,0.000004652653,8.866663e-7,0.00002262671,0.01420034],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4490331,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4145587,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01568062093700845,"score_gpt":0.2424353105423698,"score_spread":0.2267546896053614,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}