{"id":"W2553084387","doi":"10.1080/00220973.2016.1252999","title":"The Beautiful and the Ugly: Reading Ability Modulates Word Spacing Effects in Chinese Children","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Experimental Education","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Shanghai Ocean University; National Cheng Kung University","keywords":"Reading (process); Mandarin Chinese; Word (group theory); Contrast (vision); Salient; Psychology; Linguistics; Computer science; Cognitive psychology; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001690872,0.0001049897,0.0001412511,0.00005296162,0.0002097099,0.00004731645,0.0002043535,0.00002913696,0.00002466274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001705526,0.00003581986,0.00004418813,0.0001047041,0.0001750789,0.0001312683,0.00003534016,0.0001473209,0.000007897366],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001263017,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004870162,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001925261,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003998756,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988323,0.0004641934,0.0003258306,0.00009327826,0.000131858,0.0001525522],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984717,0.000989681,0.0002432097,0.0002213185,0.00003251132,0.00004155194],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003747533,0.0008848261,0.3550103,0.00001428657,0.0003589202,0.000002399871,0.2768734,0.00001059391,0.08162239,0.008438055,0.0026842,0.270353],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00154683,0.00007350572,0.984098,0.000175257,0.00001694255,0.0002004303,0.004708914,0.00000984937,0.005597643,0.003274474,0.0002107268,0.00008743054],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9902399,0.004934813,0.00002699477,0.002771341,0.001102729,0.0002606557,2.587375e-7,0.000004666421,0.0006586087],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999106,0.00008326156,0.00007499563,0.0001183815,0.0002188237,0.00001964666,4.006611e-7,0.000008911868,0.0003696159],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6290877,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.161294,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005164211357628492,"score_gpt":0.3095296440460636,"score_spread":0.3043654326884351,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}