{"id":"W2553126785","doi":"","title":"Simulating hydraulic fracturing using finite-discrete element method (FDEM): Effects of pre-existing joints and lateral stress gradient","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","topic":"Geotechnical Engineering and Underground Structures","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Hydraulic fracturing; Finite element method; Geology; Wellbore; Discrete element method; Stress (linguistics); Fracture (geology); Geotechnical engineering; Structural engineering; Mechanics; Geometry; Engineering; Petroleum engineering; Mathematics; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002998807,0.000545014,0.0005810673,0.0004292195,0.0003665473,0.0006159871,0.0008461617,0.001896641,0.002207317],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001663417,0.000453397,0.0004279613,0.0004591899,0.00067561,0.0005445111,0.0003941269,0.0005573008,0.0001592347],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004395678,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006281111,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005744933,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006029211,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998642,0.00002729038,0.00001124771,0.00002424068,0.00004395629,0.00002906572],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985929,0.000984568,0.00009326211,0.0001119414,0.0001474821,0.00006983385],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008214276,0.00009511722,0.001614507,0.0000645781,0.00001164891,0.0001133683,0.00009701322,0.9850997,0.008005927,0.0004542987,0.000168886,0.004192755],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000864856,0.00001952641,0.0003854619,0.000003387904,0.000003776525,0.00001285205,0.00001726423,0.9972759,0.002095095,0.00009485111,0.00007769369,0.000005555343],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.933521,0.0001245069,0.06046828,0.0001458592,0.00006959098,0.00006335376,0.0004478302,0.0006706968,0.004489014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9895507,0.00003556465,0.009382181,0.00001441389,0.000004595274,0.00002343915,0.0001042021,0.00004530583,0.0008396676],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005744933,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01142299,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01126018289205753,"score_gpt":0.2448577361758635,"score_spread":0.2335975532838059,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}