{"id":"W2555063473","doi":"10.36834/cmej.36777","title":"Systems 1 and 2 thinking processes and cognitive reflection testing in medical students","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Medical Education Journal","topic":"Clinical Reasoning and Diagnostic Skills","field":"Medicine","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Intuition; Cognition; Metacognition; Psychology; Test (biology); Mathematics education; Clinical Practice; Cognitive psychology; Computer science; Medicine; Cognitive science; Psychiatry","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001823065,0.00008711332,0.0001926483,0.0002209391,0.0001323421,0.00009057115,0.00009000232,0.0001967336,0.0007744385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.5793487,0.00005731306,0.00001233129,0.000234887,0.0001545295,0.0000804912,0.00001985545,0.0004496297,0.000007121173],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000164216,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0244798,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004365291,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007529886,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981481,0.00008965727,0.0003570169,0.000183794,0.0009755081,0.0002459212],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9812246,0.007833274,0.0001547966,0.00008844181,0.0006589745,0.01003992],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002649818,0.0001436242,0.6237924,0.00006251448,0.0000270056,0.0003119434,0.0005641058,3.404707e-8,0.000002570479,0.0000877908,0.003499209,0.3714824],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00623082,0.000577207,0.8711544,0.08848814,0.0001626919,0.02120252,0.003925911,0.0001514742,0.000007970834,0.001411223,0.006355057,0.0003326377],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9595961,0.002526173,0.0001009708,0.03554054,0.0007831866,0.0001719502,0.000001957286,0.00001348717,0.001265625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9892135,0.0006311826,0.00008292539,0.009059603,0.0007860544,0.00001457066,0.000002516,0.00001025284,0.0001994093],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5775257,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9810505,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03107693476374144,"score_gpt":0.3970032903146228,"score_spread":0.3659263555508813,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}