{"id":"W2556154975","doi":"","title":"Urbanization: An Introduction to Urban Geography, Third Edition","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Urban and Regional Analysis","topic":"Rural development and sustainability","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Urbanization; Geography; Regional science; Population; Economic geography; Urban studies; Urban geography; Theme (computing); Perspective (graphical); Urban planning; Sociology; Economic growth; Demography; Civil engineering; Computer science; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005281753,0.00009952438,0.0002186079,0.0001176247,0.0001840978,0.00005513658,0.0001080905,0.00006057525,0.0001509732],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003869533,0.00003797648,0.0001914146,0.001164685,0.00004795592,0.0005461193,0.00002172043,0.00009455128,0.000002534419],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003411365,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007985492,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002828787,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002893223,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989863,0.00008467088,0.0003038335,0.0001369096,0.0003066394,0.0001816147],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991329,0.00003795123,0.0001743972,0.0000403201,0.0003416324,0.000272797],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008034953,0.0002117581,0.8942219,0.00000496447,0.0002948859,0.000002199977,0.0004308857,0.00003168708,0.002140254,0.001407858,0.09638075,0.004792485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005862658,0.0001767564,0.8882921,0.000002961061,0.0002045982,0.00001711433,0.0005085192,0.00002472666,0.00006209464,0.0003734245,0.1101731,0.0001059794],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9817503,0.0004870525,0.00007148322,0.01736047,0.0001948274,0.00005382523,0.000003236444,0.00001103021,0.00006778178],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945521,0.00006014958,0.0002247114,0.0003274996,0.004367087,0.000001303731,0.0000596246,5.882455e-7,0.0004069535],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01703297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1653051,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01047592064789046,"score_gpt":0.2093292510207426,"score_spread":0.1988533303728521,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}