{"id":"W2560007961","doi":"10.1044/2016_jslhr-s-16-0145","title":"The Impact of Social–Cognitive Stress on Speech Variability, Determinism, and Stability in Adults Who Do and Do Not Stutter","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research","topic":"Stuttering Research and Treatment","field":"Psychology","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute; University of Toronto","funders":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; American Psychological Association; National Institutes of Health; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Sentence; Stuttering; Psychology; Stability (learning theory); Determinism; Cognition; Cognitive psychology; Linguistics; Computer science; Natural language processing; Developmental psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004398237,0.0001452577,0.0003426528,0.0002786613,0.0001867319,0.0001231114,0.0001628241,0.0001046948,0.0001938225],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007948302,0.00007418215,0.00007722571,0.0001626439,0.0005317676,0.0001159326,0.0002341701,0.0005922322,0.000004060142],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001332067,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008986487,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001015328,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001274991,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975243,0.0006517217,0.0003923255,0.0003004722,0.0005928537,0.0005383844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9961378,0.003039376,0.0001156539,0.0002245263,0.0002968148,0.0001858304],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0033802,0.0003118006,0.5405329,0.00008293914,0.000165153,0.0006120581,0.01396728,2.179361e-8,0.002563954,0.0001016808,0.00005685097,0.4382252],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002879597,0.001892166,0.9819748,0.0005549979,0.000009422858,0.0001140532,0.006530953,0.000001736265,0.005310956,0.0006367941,0.00001057065,0.00008394701],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969822,0.0006099727,0.00000198476,0.0007798368,0.00003001587,0.0003339119,0.00004897796,0.000003334841,0.001209768],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992694,0.0004000343,0.00003367625,0.000009339302,0.0001487573,0.000009647514,3.613319e-7,0.00001419172,0.0001145685],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4414419,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.302506,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06221531092912212,"score_gpt":0.4389910167268873,"score_spread":0.3767757057977652,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}