{"id":"W2560110779","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.12.015","title":"Comparison of biomass from integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS), moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) and membrane bioreactor (MBR) treating recalcitrant organics: Importance of attached biomass","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","topic":"Petroleum Processing and Analysis","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":84,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Helmholtz-Alberta Initiative; Syncrude; Shell Canada; Canadian Natural Resources Limited","keywords":"Anoxic waters; Moving bed biofilm reactor; Bioreactor; Activated sludge; Chemistry; Volatile suspended solids; Membrane bioreactor; Biomass (ecology); Biofilm; Chemical oxygen demand; Pulp and paper industry; Suspended solids; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Wastewater; Environmental science; Bacteria; Biology; Ecology; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000640856,0.0004667095,0.001978856,0.000349452,0.0000823986,0.0001068009,0.0004697406,0.0003777696,0.0008326903],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007731527,0.0003009881,0.0002729693,0.0003921656,0.0002088077,0.0003707887,0.00008301215,0.0002014192,0.000002874424],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001681431,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002314456,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004223117,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002353291,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9959858,0.0001585619,0.002476152,0.0004191862,0.0005459413,0.0004143339],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9940324,0.0004450304,0.004340432,0.0004408474,0.0005242705,0.0002170236],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000698568,0.0002844606,0.03720674,0.0003813445,0.0008142326,0.00003774455,0.000399634,2.631371e-7,0.957176,0.000001900734,0.00005980019,0.002939346],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002178092,0.0001516745,0.001555451,0.001566184,0.000507394,0.00004413175,0.0006229059,0.00004498997,0.9928133,0.00002121243,0.0001528562,0.0003418266],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.997653,0.0007507341,0.00009697267,0.0001930247,0.0001956327,0.0000293553,0.0009120074,0.00005588486,0.0001134104],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982395,0.0001301281,0.001158678,0.000009536933,0.0002094232,0.000002776189,0.00007412634,0.0000696538,0.0001061319],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03565129,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999442,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01993008389043261,"score_gpt":0.2782113784703942,"score_spread":0.2582812945799616,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}