{"id":"W2562776533","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1612","title":"Using rarefaction to isolate the effects of patch size and sampling effort on beta diversity","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Rarefaction (ecology); Beta diversity; Estimator; Sampling (signal processing); Sample size determination; Abundance (ecology); Alpha diversity; Statistics; Diversity (politics); Ecology; Sample (material); BETA (programming language); Diversity index; Metric (unit); Econometrics; Mathematics; Biology; Species diversity; Species richness; Computer science; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007303748,0.00004968066,0.00006461285,0.000002675432,0.0002835777,0.000002868436,0.00005467576,0.0000271603,0.0002297418],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004847667,0.00002883717,0.00001661011,0.00003987079,0.00005437366,0.00005997866,0.0002195175,0.00003128122,0.00007925386],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004755094,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001386053,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001294621,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008505858,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996738,0.00001694335,0.00005597194,0.0001106955,0.00005639052,0.0000861508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995664,0.0002962818,0.00003703544,0.00007464641,0.000003597956,0.00002205115],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003473965,0.00002610315,0.9807765,0.00001751701,0.00002974884,0.000001121282,0.0008828786,0.000769549,0.009726383,0.0001060964,0.0003843624,0.007244927],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001729959,0.00008280258,0.9978003,0.00002284558,0.00001301929,5.571774e-7,0.00004621789,0.0001994385,0.0009099422,0.0005914295,0.0001099463,0.00005053681],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965039,0.00001275174,0.001162103,0.0002407831,0.0001173229,0.0001196943,0.000001488849,0.000007573182,0.001834403],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989377,0.00002471178,0.0005307065,0.0001274326,0.00000750822,0.000001982428,7.149721e-8,0.000002652779,0.0003672489],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01702369,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2515512,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01370367248109704,"score_gpt":0.2381244343324987,"score_spread":0.2244207618514017,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}