{"id":"W2564083039","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2016.12.036","title":"Fibre laser nitriding of titanium and its alloy in open atmosphere for orthopaedic implant applications: Investigations on surface quality, microstructure and tribological properties","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Surface and Coatings Technology","topic":"Metal and Thin Film Mechanics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Queen's University; Queen's University Belfast","keywords":"Nitriding; Microstructure; Tribology; Materials science; Atmosphere (unit); Titanium alloy; Metallurgy; Laser; Titanium; Alloy; Implant; Composite material; Layer (electronics); Medicine; Optics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002306512,0.00012832,0.0002555977,0.00002029069,0.00006888015,0.0000188888,0.0001303009,0.0002056546,0.000003951754],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001048414,0.00008733131,0.0000142413,0.0001575634,0.00009120415,0.00008617147,0.0001230842,0.0001173766,9.880098e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001157482,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001530775,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001645084,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005575591,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993038,0.00001999583,0.0002434408,0.0002199725,0.00005054776,0.0001622991],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996542,0.00008711215,0.00006502274,0.0001129056,0.00004325218,0.0000374567],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003098607,0.00001150444,0.004608946,0.0002236505,0.00001528585,7.769967e-7,0.00008382845,0.0000725436,0.9746307,0.01805638,0.0001048444,0.002160582],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001526532,0.0003101087,0.0006390341,0.0003348651,0.0000241036,0.00004067608,0.0007553656,0.001031968,0.9630556,0.02849485,0.00344628,0.0003405935],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969556,0.001175289,0.0002175027,0.0007688169,0.00003762812,0.000646918,0.00007683475,0.0000866949,0.00003470236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953168,0.0004992952,0.00391893,0.00003623734,0.000005480418,0.00005402533,0.000004951277,0.00001408359,0.0001502187],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01157504,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3561268,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02993233472281216,"score_gpt":0.255238752778174,"score_spread":0.2253064180553619,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}