{"id":"W2572350151","doi":"10.3138/utlj.4216","title":"Why judges should dissent","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Toronto Law Journal","topic":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Dissenting opinion; Dissent; Political science; Judicial opinion; Transparency (behavior); Law; Indeterminacy (philosophy); Law and economics; Sociology; Epistemology; Politics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02871491,0.0004813058,0.0005389384,0.00131405,0.01096018,0.007437769,0.001800315,0.009875551,0.00486624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1095287,0.0006734264,0.0005982048,0.0006079803,0.02090294,0.004976084,0.005016119,0.009782947,0.003017599],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004633508,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006505995,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007598218,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0111615,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9523303,0.01895613,0.001817005,0.005958018,0.01413346,0.006805117],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9553995,0.02202543,0.003277755,0.003130598,0.01181508,0.004351639],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001281798,0.00008773435,0.0113924,0.0002147845,0.0000767521,0.002144288,0.05036787,0.0006175553,0.002833065,0.6357072,0.2339249,0.06250533],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001651153,0.00008675535,0.007624449,0.0004827081,0.00004300534,0.0009338214,0.02658347,0.00101229,0.002628353,0.5550454,0.4052121,0.0001825],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.1241693,0.007099531,0.04003694,0.4817887,0.01181156,0.0002652057,0.0001057002,0.0004981241,0.3342251],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8498408,0.0009989414,0.008662709,0.1108787,0.002259131,0.0001974338,0.00005996924,0.0002479758,0.02685443],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02871491,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1518608,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04189442167510912,"score_gpt":0.2901092477198451,"score_spread":0.248214826044736,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}