{"id":"W2573940776","doi":"10.1007/s12182-016-0144-z","title":"A parametric study of the hydrodynamic roughness produced by a wall coating layer of heavy oil","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Petroleum Science","topic":"Water Systems and Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Syncrude; Shell Canada; Canadian Natural Resources Limited","keywords":"Coating; Materials science; Viscosity; Surface finish; Pipeline transport; Surface roughness; Composite material; Flow (mathematics); Volumetric flow rate; Petroleum engineering; Geotechnical engineering; Mechanics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003196638,0.0003397581,0.0002914826,0.0002064922,0.0001831773,0.0003153371,0.0002346473,0.0003679619,0.0004849402],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000964583,0.0001684774,0.0003377892,0.000194836,0.0003897677,0.000269132,0.0002751663,0.0003124686,0.00006820334],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002164569,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002006103,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001000903,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006530937,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997867,0.00002857784,0.00001031259,0.00003295739,0.00007909324,0.00006224462],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993429,0.0003577023,0.0001035861,0.00009290368,0.00007818724,0.00002476223],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004287353,0.0002383965,0.00374192,0.0001603267,0.00002391741,0.0003444192,0.000173764,0.1115816,0.869642,0.0004649103,0.0001571669,0.01304284],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003514634,0.002694415,0.01523502,0.00001035884,0.00006113332,0.0001648048,0.0001377308,0.2859807,0.6946087,0.0001525346,0.0008509074,0.00006846005],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952179,0.00004689863,0.003921774,0.00001456927,0.000005619648,0.00001562482,0.0000428747,0.00003076861,0.0007040201],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987108,0.00003261013,0.001042732,0.000001919547,0.000001371764,0.000006507078,0.00001524342,0.000003353501,0.0001855455],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001000903,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001990139,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01311035933055462,"score_gpt":0.2323547990614636,"score_spread":0.219244439730909,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}