{"id":"W2579123921","doi":"10.3390/membranes7010004","title":"Colloidal Fouling of Nanofiltration Membranes: Development of a Standard Operating Procedure","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Suncor Energy (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Suncor Energy Incorporated","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Colloid; Concentration polarization; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Compaction; Chromatography; Materials science; Engineering; Composite material; Biochemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009070295,0.00149851,0.001449935,0.002007612,0.002214702,0.0009641254,0.002217642,0.00223085,0.001296555],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00799208,0.0008421856,0.001206048,0.00155053,0.001518834,0.001171011,0.001643876,0.002427807,0.002594122],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008646762,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002678357,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001270204,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001871965,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9877272,0.002496151,0.00186497,0.001249385,0.006265007,0.0003973044],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9950796,0.0008038569,0.0005061695,0.001509541,0.001962472,0.0001383493],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001672486,0.0001782997,0.0004132605,0.0006202586,0.00003153594,0.0001026957,0.0002257568,0.0004385166,0.9784173,0.0009318149,0.0007171779,0.017756],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002449211,0.0004060935,0.00144885,0.0000757393,0.00002989787,0.000247505,0.00005014376,0.001621336,0.9847099,0.0003068217,0.01102701,0.00005215176],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.1273565,0.002339477,0.8497892,0.0004566986,0.0003072572,0.00947194,0.00369147,0.003655667,0.002931794],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1018968,0.003878542,0.8645656,0.0003584633,0.0001779303,0.01993393,0.004815124,0.0007794223,0.003594218],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009070295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04796886,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02225038322490759,"score_gpt":0.2725563588243439,"score_spread":0.2503059755994363,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}