{"id":"W2585456590","doi":"10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.01.045","title":"The neuropathological signature of bulbar-onset ALS: A systematic review","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews","topic":"Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University Health Network; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; Heart and Stroke Foundation; Krembil Foundation","funders":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","keywords":"Neuropathology; Neuroscience; Psychology; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Pathology; Medicine; Disease","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005170945,0.0009492292,0.008095822,0.0001645279,0.0006194836,0.0002299254,0.003129099,0.0004618758,0.00007153219],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01142226,0.0004102377,0.002351131,0.0009312469,0.001544161,0.0001753848,0.0007822177,0.001967918,0.0002717248],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001510214,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006191273,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008237926,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001152358,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9908646,0.002107196,0.003164407,0.001247858,0.001655546,0.0009603677],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9919869,0.00005176132,0.003154808,0.004021165,0.0002896921,0.0004957178],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004092137,0.00009535069,0.000006556477,0.5155368,4.613547e-7,0.00017599,0.000003048223,2.150232e-9,0.00004201819,0.000007567645,0.001969842,0.4821582],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005742599,0.0003112434,0.00007597161,0.4055249,0.002002811,0.0006632158,6.349859e-7,6.907803e-7,1.697639e-7,0.000001345108,0.5911599,0.0002016047],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00001049804,0.9858351,0.000002886989,0.00006691461,0.0004772968,0.01339944,0.00006849007,0.00005279446,0.00008663192],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00003438435,0.996156,0.00004970744,0.0008566722,0.00008811485,0.001605434,0.00002490744,0.00007701241,0.001107718],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5891901,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999835,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3982330057801055,"score_gpt":0.5176612284462208,"score_spread":0.1194282226661152,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}