{"id":"W2585845284","doi":"10.1021/acsenergylett.6b00644","title":"Current Status and Future Development of Catalyst Materials and Catalyst Layers for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: An Industrial Perspective","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Energy Letters","topic":"Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion","field":"Energy","cited_by":578,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Ballard Power Systems (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Proton exchange membrane fuel cell; Timeline; Catalysis; Automotive industry; Durability; Fuel cells; Nanotechnology; Engineering; Materials science; Waste management; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Composite material","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002853696,0.0006536377,0.0006544839,0.001025895,0.0004320944,0.002255344,0.001309069,0.002913969,0.005976583],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001243859,0.000475034,0.0004574193,0.001237748,0.000674989,0.004715978,0.000771959,0.001191856,0.002174165],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007834003,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001566238,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005374613,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00126933,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994855,0.0000880288,0.00007391252,0.00008398004,0.0001819831,0.00008669462],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999086,0.0003709612,0.0001368464,0.00004170334,0.0002613465,0.0001031682],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002574667,0.0004234085,0.001029842,0.008288007,0.00004956256,0.0003219255,0.0001293171,0.002524005,0.06667738,0.02194392,0.01319582,0.8851593],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004966629,0.001477423,0.001812691,0.001960097,0.0001256358,0.001222386,0.000545178,0.003630057,0.04659714,0.0146042,0.9278976,0.0000778629],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.005821029,0.9747809,0.005285761,0.004876082,0.0004042107,0.00002148669,0.00007168039,0.00009184689,0.008646948],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0310453,0.9476973,0.01357483,0.001517267,0.0005996383,0.00005122672,0.0002644855,0.00002573408,0.005224243],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005976583,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01999366,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02126308239399936,"score_gpt":0.254583924984593,"score_spread":0.2333208425905936,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}