{"id":"W2585878537","doi":"10.5539/ies.v10n2p131","title":"Program Development for Primary School Teachers’ Critical Thinking","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Education Studies","topic":"Education and Critical Thinking Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Critical thinking; Mathematics education; Psychology; School teachers; Cognitively Guided Instruction; Test (biology); Statistic; Primary education; Pedagogy; Teaching method; Mathematics; Statistics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009555508,0.0001065144,0.0001313147,0.00007946147,0.00319163,0.000601006,0.000599826,0.00005952511,0.0001674877],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02038113,0.0001046924,0.00005622425,0.0000364046,0.0004258509,0.0004181317,0.0001141612,0.0001122677,0.00009217032],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006375922,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00272717,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006385488,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009804119,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986522,0.00004479722,0.0002699779,0.0002518383,0.0005407476,0.0002404883],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970205,0.0003291615,0.0001129378,0.0001784894,0.00217735,0.0001815209],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001359441,0.0008017623,0.02523457,0.00004855237,0.0002244228,4.923231e-7,0.07796769,2.271748e-7,0.00000988688,0.4074897,0.07285452,0.4153545],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001184395,0.000009871773,0.03278163,0.0001116513,0.00001225485,5.69532e-7,0.02207285,7.271087e-7,0.00003645665,0.07180617,0.8729059,0.0001435288],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1284329,0.002078439,0.003803283,0.4923366,0.04800826,0.001885251,0.000009003439,0.0005926549,0.3228536],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5803784,0.0003448063,0.3516984,0.009760472,0.002798906,0.002621296,0.00004975964,0.0000278103,0.05232024],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8000513,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9981061,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.126239626318052,"score_gpt":0.5066794303617599,"score_spread":0.3804398040437079,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}