{"id":"W2586410894","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1613193114","title":"Climate change is projected to have severe impacts on the frequency and intensity of peak electricity demand across the United States","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":461,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Climate change; Electricity; Consumption (sociology); Environmental science; Intensity (physics); Heating degree day; Economics; Electricity demand; Peak demand; Representative Concentration Pathways; Natural resource economics; Climate model; Econometrics; Agricultural economics; Climatology; Electricity generation; Energy consumption; Engineering; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001226395,0.000106037,0.0001231215,0.00001219471,0.0008942891,0.00004411213,0.0009929865,0.00005230326,0.00001723717],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004163647,0.00004984208,0.00003826046,0.0003134281,0.002128107,0.000333321,0.000596208,0.0001561081,0.000001479372],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006722418,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004285298,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000501951,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003726109,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985977,0.000009283348,0.0001918147,0.0002175526,0.0007642722,0.0002193485],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993328,0.00008724332,0.0004663097,0.00002988739,0.00003702877,0.00004675445],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008962976,0.00009325895,0.943552,0.00004280924,0.00002329164,2.437918e-8,0.009178657,0.001023917,0.04135937,0.002939733,0.0005102388,0.001187063],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009099757,0.00009853302,0.9674566,0.00004524596,0.00000872302,0.000005530638,0.001449447,0.007003154,0.01581225,0.007916655,0.0000381037,0.00007480561],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9878859,0.00001292318,0.000001373188,0.01072457,0.000007350442,0.0003449165,0.00002425939,0.000004150627,0.0009945583],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976366,0.0001549549,0.0003674467,0.001774699,0.0000141633,0.00001038265,1.29467e-7,0.000003498572,0.00003811613],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02554712,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7841097,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03817806153813421,"score_gpt":0.2931711433054496,"score_spread":0.2549930817673154,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}