{"id":"W2586689720","doi":"","title":"Why Do The Math? The Impact of Calculator Use on Participants' Actual and Perceived Retention of Arithmetic Facts","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","topic":"Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes","field":"Psychology","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Calculator; Arithmetic; Copying; Reading (process); Cognition; Psychology; Test (biology); Mathematics education; Cognitive psychology; Computer science; Mathematics; Linguistics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002062967,0.0002651691,0.0002489661,0.0002580517,0.0002283092,0.001342641,0.0004237761,0.0008686044,0.00492322],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04330742,0.0002158091,0.0002437808,0.0001800785,0.0007090002,0.001490076,0.000491522,0.0007784758,0.0006093468],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001948856,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002524911,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006452709,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007816852,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991344,0.0003467862,0.00008136114,0.0001585948,0.0002033745,0.00007553974],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9799728,0.01561533,0.002060118,0.0009867359,0.0007104442,0.0006546526],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.007447111,0.003144692,0.3198397,0.001778253,0.0003238825,0.001287255,0.09672177,0.002197921,0.1964265,0.002643077,0.002600156,0.3655896],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007806455,0.01318073,0.8567164,0.0006323415,0.0006735633,0.00243028,0.04225782,0.007197029,0.04701879,0.006616409,0.02220474,0.0002912317],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.997424,0.0001914856,0.0007951481,0.0002511879,0.00001159182,0.00002399243,0.00002917216,0.00004784542,0.001225587],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959772,0.0002293456,0.002525614,0.0001347779,0.000009506802,0.00005009071,0.00004460891,0.00002013667,0.001008781],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00492322,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01646984,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06068988029974935,"score_gpt":0.301592322963861,"score_spread":0.2409024426641116,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}