{"id":"W2588317644","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.6b05113","title":"Effect of Sand Bed Depth and Medium Age on <i>Escherichia coli</i> and Turbidity Removal in Biosand Filters","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Child Nutrition and Water Access","field":"Nursing","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Environment and Protected Areas","funders":"Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems; Department for International Development; Department for International Development, UK Government; Lindbergh Foundation; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","keywords":"Turbidity; Effluent; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Filter (signal processing); Pulp and paper industry; Slow sand filter; Filtration (mathematics); Sand filter; Water treatment; Wastewater; Mathematics; Biology; Engineering; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004198856,0.0004070503,0.0003767003,0.0001960628,0.0002241431,0.0005926631,0.0002557405,0.0002676277,0.0008059526],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001031332,0.00021625,0.0002985348,0.0001479135,0.000239077,0.0003130981,0.000300631,0.0002274247,0.0001555424],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004911782,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000318669,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005058033,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008117062,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996163,0.00008132651,0.00003610701,0.00008526458,0.0001173967,0.0000636686],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990952,0.000351194,0.000231184,0.00004433246,0.0001492075,0.0001289295],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002937996,0.0005158171,0.02278928,0.000181129,0.00005102945,0.0001126099,0.0001693078,0.001549992,0.9594102,0.0000268091,0.00003529311,0.01222065],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000495242,0.01211017,0.1629156,0.00001885037,0.0001503334,0.0001583655,0.000359652,0.001892195,0.821056,0.00003081036,0.001215103,0.00004329591],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993759,0.0001088814,0.0002950844,0.000005084836,0.000003832383,0.00001447945,0.00005192283,0.000005436887,0.0001394233],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975177,0.0001802016,0.001619376,0.00001685843,0.000003639075,0.00001615334,0.000111539,0.000007059566,0.0005275184],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005058033,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01005715,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007811315269694813,"score_gpt":0.2553103907405891,"score_spread":0.2474990754708943,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}